By Hermann Schmitt, Jacques Thomassen
The publication examines the democratic nature of the ecu Union and aid for eu Integration one of the voters of the member states which are a part of the Union. The ebook relies on broad surveys between humans of Europe, contributors of the ecu Parliament, and contributors of the nationwide parliaments.
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Extra info for Political Representation, and Legitimacy in the European Union
Example text
Only a few countries are characterized by rnonotonic trends. Germany is the most striking case, but the trend is opposite to the expected direction. The proportion of Germans who never felt like European citizens grew from 17 per cent in 1982 to 59 per cent in 1992. Over the decade covered by these data, Germany moved from highest to lowest rank among the original six member-countries. This dramatic decline4 is tentatively explained by growing German self-esteem which was accelerated by reunification; public discontent about the German net-payer position (Zahlmeister Europas) may play an additional role.
They contribute to forming a European awareness and to expressing the political will of the citizens of the Union. It is hard to see how this article should be interpreted, other than from the perspective of a federal Europe. However, the very fact that this perspective is disputed makes it less obvious than in the national context which interests members of the European Parliament should represent: the interests of the European people and the general European interest, or the interests of the people of the country they come from (or—in a Europe of the regions—perhaps of the region they come 18 Introduction European Council/ Council of Ministers National Government I .
We thus expect to find a pattern similar to the one identified for the development of general EU support (see for example Schmitt and Treiber-Reif 1990; Dalton and Eichenberg 1991, 1992; Eichenberg and Dalton 1993; Bosch and Newton 1995). This, however, is not borne out by the data. 1. Feeling like a European citizen 1982-1992 (per cent 'never') and thinking of oneself as European or national 1992-1995 (per cent 'only national*) 1982 1983 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1994 199S Belgium France Germany Italy Luxembourg Netherlands Denmark Ireland United Kingdom Greece Spain Portugal Austria Finland Sweden 54 39 17 41 16 57 55 64 72 36 49 41 25 46 27 48 45 69 74 45 49 32 29 37 27 47 46 68 70 39 37 39 43 31 29 36 30 42 46 58 68 39 39 34 54 45 41 47 34 62 57 59 67 50 36 40 39 44 59 45 58 62 45 41 36 40 42 39 45 40 47 46 41 61 55 59 68 36 38 35 46 41 53 43 42 60 50 67 71 41 47 45 35 32 50 37 27 53 46 59 69 39 31 31 44 40 51 43 36 60 53 64 69 36 37 35 42 46 59 41 35 57 48 62 68 39 38 33 37 31 41 24 27 42 48 52 54 38 38 34 32 32 43 26 36 40 50 48 59 41 41 38 29 22 29 25 17 33 48 38 49 46 41 34 33 28 34 22 17 34 48 40 53 52 44 42 52 47 56 Original six Northern expansion Southern expansion 35 70 41 38 71 34 68 39 33 65 38 Source: Eurobarometers; figures based on weighted data.
